What is in this Article?
1. Introduction
Create Load Case & Load is the main step of Modeling process. This article provides information about a type of load: Normal load which is a basic load that represents for affection of pressure onto the surface(s). Following the topics, users will be prepared an overview about the Normal Load in Akselos Modeler, how to use it and control all the Normal Load parameters.
Add Load Cases is a part of the Modeling steps in Akselos Workflow to build any simulation model.
Terminologies
Subdomain | A group of mesh elements having the same properties (material or other common properties) inside a component |
Components | Components created by the componentization process to use with Akselos Integra |
Sideset | A surface of mesh assigned with a certain ID number |
Solid component | A component containing only solid elements |
Shell component | A component containing only shell elements |
2. Normal Load
The Normal Load represents for the affection of pressure into the surface(s) of component(s). There are only solid component and shell component have the surface(s), so the load is enable for these component types.
Figure 1. A Load applied directly on surface
* Firstly, see the article - How to add Loads to your simulation model.
This type of load is used to model normal pressure loads applied to the surfaces of solid or shell components.
The component types that this type of load is available for: Surface(s) of solid components and shell components.
Figure 2. Normal load is applied on surface(s) of solid components (left) and shell component (right)
Mesh importer default ID convention: Normal Load Operator is assigned for solid mesh sideset ID from 200 to 249.
Figure 3. Normal Load ID Convention
Normal Load Parameters
Normal Load is a basic load that can only act in two directions, inward or outward, with a specific magnitude.
The parameters of the Normal Load are as shown in the figure below, including:
- Stored Selection: The stored selection of boundary sets that the load applies on.
- normal_load (kg/m/s**2): applied load value (in Pa - kg/m/s**2). A positive value means that the direction of the pressure is outward of the surface(s), and vice versa.
Figure 4. Parameters of the Normal Load
The formula of Normal Load:
P: The Pressure (normal load)
F: The Load value
A: The area that the load affects
3. Condition of Normal Load
For any load type, there must be an Operator on the Component to define the load type which will be applied on that component. The operator for Normal Load is normal_load and can be created while importing mesh file (the sidesets are already set) or directly created in Akselos Modeler.
Figure 5 & 6 will show these operator types:
Figure 5. Normal Load Operator created in Akselos Modeler
Figure 6. Normal Load Operator created after importing mesh file
In Akselos Modeler, there must be a target that the load will be applied on. In this case, the targets for Normal Load is stored selections Boundary Set. The stored selection for Normal load can be found below.
Figure 7. Stored Selections for Load
4. How to create Normal Load
Users can follow the steps below to create a completed Normal Load in Akselos Modeler.
STEP 1: Create Load Case
- On the Model Tree, right-click on Load Cases → select Add Load Case
Figure 8. Add Load Case
STEP 2: Add Load
- Right-click on New Load Case → Select Add Load …
Figure 9. Add Load
STEP3: Create Normal Load
- On New Load Case / Load dialog, select Normal Load → Click Save.
Figure 10. add Normal Load
STEP 4: Set Parameters
- On the new Normal Load 1 → Set Stored Selection: All_components or All_subdomains which are already created.
- On Other Properties → Set value(s) for parameters.
Figure 11. Set parameters for load
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